Political Science

This part of the course relates to the traits of political thought as presented historically by the Western and Muslim philosophers.

• Western Political Thought: Plato; Aristotle; Machiavelli; Hobbes; Locke; Rousseau; Marxism; Leninism; Maoism
• Muslim Political Thought: AI-Farabi; AI-Mawardi; AI-Ghazali; Tusi; Ibn-e-Khaldoon; Allama Iqbal

The Institution of State and its attributes for human welfare have been highlighted here.

• Welfare State Perceptions: Western and Islamic
• Basic Concepts: Sovereignty; Constitutionalism; Power Distribution; Law; Liberty; Equality; Rights and Duties
• Modes of Participation: Demands; Decisions; Public Opinion; Political Parties; Pressure Groups; Representation
• Institutions and Leadership: i) Legislature; Executive; Judiciary ii) Competing Elites: Political; Military; Bureaucratic
• Forms of Government: Monarchy; Democracy; Dictatorship; Unitary; Federation; Confederation; Parliamentary; Presidential; Authoritarian COMPARATIVE POLITICS

Taking contemporary state as a dynamic phenomenon, having its own system structures and assigned functions, a comparative analysis of some outstanding developed and developing state systems is made here. The emphasis is equally on Pakistan as an emerging political system of the world.

• Concept of Political System: i) Easton on Behaviorism ii) Almond on Functionalism
• Developed Political Systems: Main constitutional features of USA, UK, France and former USSR
• Developing Political Systems: Main constitutional features of Turkey, India and China.

• Pakistan as a Nation-State: Rise of Muslim Nationalism in South Asia under the dynamic leaderships of Sir Syed Ahmad Khan, Allama Iqbal and Quaid-e-Azam Mohammad Ali Jinnah
• Political System of Pakistan: Comparative and critical analysis of the Constitutions of 1956, 1962 and 1973 (with amendments)

• M.M. Sharif, History of Muslim Philosophy
• Rosenthal, Political Thought in Medieval Islam
• Haroon Khan Sherwani, Muslim Political Thought and Administration
• George H. Sabine, History of Political Thought
• Judd Harmon, Political Thought: From Plato to Present

• Rodee and Anderson, Introduction to Political Science
• Mazharul Haq, Theory and Practice in Political Science
• Rosenthal, Modern Islamic State
• Samuel Beer and Adam Ullam, Patterns of Government
• V.O. Key, Politics, Parties and Pressure Groups
• Earnest Barker, Reflections on Government

Paper: II COMP ARA TIVE POLITICS Part: A Political Systems: Developed and Developing

• Almond and Powell, Comparative Politics
• Almond and Coleman, Politics of Developing Areas
• Roy C. Macridis, Comparative Politics
• Macridis and Wards, Modern Political Systems (Asia)
• J. M. Coleman, Political Institutions in Europe
• P. G. Cocker, Contemporary British Politics and Govt.
• Thomas Patterson, The American Democracy

• Keith Callard, Pakistan: A Political Study
• Khalid Bin Sayeed, Pakistan: The Formative Phase
• Khalid Bin Sayeed, Politics in Pakistan
• Lawrence Ziring, Pakistan in the Twentieth Century
• G. W. Chaudhry, Constitutional Development in Pakistan
• Pakistan Historical Society, History of Pakistan
• Jamil-ud-Din Ahmad, Speeches and Writings of M.A. Jinnah
• M. Saeed Sheikh, Allama Iqbal: The Reconstruction of Religious Thought in Islam
• Mushtaq Ahmad, Government and Politics in Pakistan